Reconstructive surgery addresses defects that may be present at birth, result from disease, or are caused by injury. It focuses on restoring function and appearance for medical reasons, such as breast reconstruction after a mastectomy or hand surgery to correct congenital issues like webbed fingers. Unlike cosmetic surgery, which is typically elective and aesthetic, reconstructive surgery is performed to resolve medical conditions.
The following are some of the most common conditions treated with reconstructive surgery:
Only a small number of the possible procedures are included in this list. Reconstructive surgery includes a broad spectrum of therapies for cancers, infections, and other kinds of injuries.
Reconstructive surgery involves repairing parts of the body affected by birth defects, disease, or injury. Examples include procedures like cleft lip and palate repair and breast reconstruction. The term “reconstructive” refers to rebuilding or restoring something that has been damaged or altered.
All surgeries carry risks. For reconstructive surgery, common risks include:
It’s important to discuss any concerns about these risks with your healthcare providers.
Every case is evaluated individually. Your surgeon will review your detailed medical history and consider your desired outcomes alongside your medical needs. For example, if you have a traumatic burn affecting underlying muscles and impacting mobility, or if you’ve had cancer requiring surgery on multiple areas, your surgeon will assess the severity of your condition and discuss the available options. You and your surgeon will decide which procedure best suits your goals and needs.
For instance, many women choose breast reconstruction surgery following a mastectomy, a procedure that often forms part of cancer treatment involving the removal of one or both breasts. The goal of this reconstructive surgery is to rebuild or create a new breast mound that closely resembles the natural breast, helping to achieve a balanced chest, improve the fit of clothing, eliminate the need for external prostheses, and restore self-confidence.
Prior to the procedure, your surgeon will discuss the potential risks associated with breast reconstruction. While the results can be rewarding, they may not always align with your expectations, and scarring will occur. Additionally, rebuilt breasts often have reduced or no sensation, although advancements are being made to enhance sensitivity following mastectomy. It’s important to prepare for a healing and adjustment period after the surgery.
For breast reconstruction, either your own tissues or breast implants can be used. This approached, when applied using your own tissues, is called a “flap.” Tissue for forming new breasts can be taken from your back, buttocks, thighs, or lower belly, among other parts of your body. This method usually requires a longer surgical procedure and an extended hospital stay, but it frequently yields a more natural-looking appearance and can lessen the need for additional procedures in the road.
Choosing implants might result in a faster recovery time and can frequently be done as an outpatient procedure. To preserve the implants, implant-based reconstruction may eventually need more procedures. Depending on the technique employed, the procedure’s length might vary; some procedures can take several hours, while others can just take an hour or two.
You will be observed as soon as possible following the surgery as the anesthesia wears off. You can feel sleepy and require medicine to control the pain.
It is essential to properly care for the surgery areas during the healing period. To help with your recovery, make sure you show up for all follow-up consultations with your healthcare provider.
Reconstructive surgery is intended to restore the body following injury, disease, or congenital defects, with the goal of improving both physical function and personal confidence. Before undergoing any procedure, it’s essential to discuss the expected outcomes with your surgeon to ensure that your expectations align with what the surgery can realistically achieve. For instance, after breast reconstruction, it’s crucial to immediately report any new skin changes, swelling, lumps, pain, or fluid leakage to your healthcare provider. Other types of reconstructive surgery may come with their own specific symptoms, so staying vigilant and maintaining open communication with your healthcare team is important.
In addition to the physical aspects, reconstructive surgery can also have mental and emotional impacts. The process of recovery and adjusting to changes in your body can be emotionally challenging. Seeking support from a therapist or counselor during this time can help you navigate any stress or difficulties you may face, ensuring a smoother recovery both physically and mentally.
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