SLAP tear surgery

Overview

A SLAP tear surgery is a procedure designed to address torn cartilage in the shoulder joint, specifically targeting a SLAP tear. SLAP is short for Superior Labrum, Anterior to Posterior. This surgery aims to repair the damaged labrum, relieving symptoms and restoring stability and function to the shoulder.

In a SLAP injury, the “L” represents the glenoid labrum, a ring of cartilage that provides cushioning for the top of your upper arm bone (humerus), helping it stay securely in the shoulder socket. This labrum also connects the shoulder blade socket to one of the bicep tendons. The “S” refers to the upper portion of the labrum. When this part tears, the humerus loses its cushion, and the bicep tendon loses its attachment to the shoulder socket. This leads to shoulder pain and instability.

SLAP tears can occur due to acute injuries or repetitive overuse, leading to pain, limited shoulder mobility, and instability. If left untreated, these tears can cause chronic pain and additional complications affecting shoulder function.

Reasons for undergoing the procedure

SLAP tear surgery is advised in certain cases, such as:

• The tear is related to sports that involve throwing, such as baseball.
• Symptoms persist despite non-surgical treatments
• The tear results from a specific injury affecting shoulder stability
• The tear stems from overusing the shoulder

The healthcare provider will take into account factors like the classification of the tear, the patient’s age, their typical activities, and the effectiveness of previous non-surgical treatments when determining whether SLAP tear surgery is the most appropriate option.

Risks

Similar to all medical procedures, undergoing a SLAP tear surgery has risks, such as:

• Severe bleeding
• Infection
• Injury to the nerves and blood vessels in the shoulder joint
• Persistent instability in the shoulder
• Stiff shoulders

Before the procedure

The surgery to repair a SLAP tear can be performed using various types of anesthesia, depending on the patient’s needs and the complexity of the procedure. This surgery can be performed under local, regional, or general anesthesia.

During the procedure

During a SLAP tear surgery:

• An arthroscope is inserted through a small incision in the shoulder. The tiny camera allows healthcare providers to view the torn labrum and the shoulder socket.
• The damage to the labrum will be assessed and, if repair is needed, healthcare providers use tools, such as rasp and shaver, to prepare the torn area.
• A small hole is drilled in the shoulder socket for an anchor suture.
• The labrum is stitched to the anchor suture, ensuring it sits flat against the shoulder socket.

After the procedure

After SLAP tear surgery, follow-up appointments will be scheduled every four to six weeks to monitor the healing process. Stitches are typically removed about two weeks after the surgery.

Post-surgery reminders may include:

• Wear an arm sling or immobilizer for one to several weeks
• Engage in light exercises or physical therapy to help strengthen the shoulder
• To relieve pain and stiffness, use ice packs and pain medication
• Take time off work and seek assistance with daily activities like driving

Outcome

SLAP tear surgery is effective when the torn labrum is the sole issue affecting the shoulder. However, it’s crucial to recognize that recurring or new SLAP tears can occur, particularly if the physical activities that led to the original tear are resumed, which may result in re-injury or further damage.

During recovery, it’s essential to monitor for signs of complications. Contact a healthcare provider if any of the following symptoms arise:

• A fever exceeding 101°F (38.3°C)
• Swelling in the arm
• Bleeding that continues to soak through the dressing despite applying pressure
• Persistent pain that does not improve with pain medication
• Numbness or tingling in the fingers or hand
• Darkening or coolness in the hand or fingers
• Redness, pain, swelling, or yellowish discharge from any wounds