Hip fracture

Diagnosis

The healthcare provider will assess the area and enquire about any recent accidents or falls. The healthcare provider may touch the foot or leg and ask if the patient feel anything in order to check for nerve damage (neuropathy).
Radiographic imaging will be to identify a fracture and examine any soft tissue damage. These may consist of:

• X-ray: which generates images of the bones using radiation. It usually confirms the fracture and shows the location.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging: an imaging procedure that takes images of the bones and soft tissues using a powerful magnet. This procedure is recommended that if x-ray doesn’t show any fracture, but patient still have pain.
• CT scan: a procedure that enables to see the precise pictures of the injured area through the use of a computer and multiple X-rays.

Treatment

Treatment for hip fractures is based on the age, general health, and types of damage. Within a day or two of the incidents, surgery is usually necessary for hip fractures. But because of their age or other health issues, some people aren’t fit enough for surgery.
Hip fractures are often treated with a combined surgical repair, physical therapy, and drugs to control pain and stop blood clots and infections.
The following surgical procedures are:

• Total hip replacement: Artificial components are used to replace the pelvic bone socket and upper femur (prostheses). Total hip replacement is increasingly more cost-effective and linked to better long-term results in otherwise healthy adults who live independently, according to research.
• Partial hip replacement: The hip’s socket component may not always require replacement. For adults with various medical issues or who can no longer live independently.
• Internal repair using screws:  In order to keep the bone together while the fracture heals, metal screws are placed inside of it. On occasion, a metal plate that goes down the thighbone is fastened with screws (femur).

If the blood supply to the ball portion of the hip joint was compromised during the fracture, a full or partial hip replacement may be advised. The likelihood of the bone healing properly is decreased with that kind of damage, which most frequently affects older adults with femoral neck fractures.

Physical therapy focuses on range-of-motion and strengthening exercises. Visiting an extended care facility can be required, depending on the type of operation and whether there is assistance available at home.

An occupational therapist teaches methods for independence in daily activities like using the restroom, bathing, dressing, and cooking in long-term care facilities and at home. To restore mobility and independence, an occupational therapist will decide whether a wheelchair or walker may be required.