Vascular ring

Diagnosis

Diagnostic procedures for vascular ring may involve evaluating symptoms, conducting a physical examination, and performing various tests. Some of the tests that may be performed include:

• Imaging tests: such as chest X-ray, CT scan, an echocardiogram, CT angiogram, or an MRI scan. These tests may be used by doctors to plan treatment.

A chest X-ray produces images of the inside of the child’s body. It is frequently one of the first tests ordered throughout the diagnostic process. The exam might reveal which side of the body the aortic arch is located on. A CT scan captures internal structures such as the baby’s heart, trachea, and esophagus. An echocardiogram, often known as an echo, produces animated images of the baby’s heart and aorta.

• Barium swallow: A vascular ring indentation can be detected using this test. This test requires swallowing a chemical called barium. X-rays show the path of the barium through the stomach.
• Upper endoscopy: Using an endoscope, a medical equipment with a tiny light and a camera on it, the doctor will be able to see and evaluate the esophagus. During the procedure, the tube is passed into the mouth and into the throat.
• Bronchoscopy: This test can determine whether a vascular ring is pressing against the trachea. A bronchoscopy involves a healthcare provider inserting a tube into the bronchial tubes through the mouth or nose. The tube has a light and a small camera that allows the doctor to see into the airways and the windpipe.

Treatment

The treatment for a vascular ring usually involves surgery. The procedure used is determined by the nature and severity of the child’s condition as well as the pre-existing heart illness. Surgery is typically performed to relieve a vascular ring pressing against the trachea or esophagus.

Surgery is frequently performed as an open operation via the side of the child’s chest, also known as thoracotomy, which necessitates larger incisions. Vascular ring surgery often entails dividing the part of the vascular ring to alleviate pressure against the windpipe and food pipe. The surgery may also involve taking off a section of the aorta or artery.

Although the child may experience symptoms for a few months following surgery, the majority are symptom-free within a year. Most patients do not require additional procedures. However, children born with a vascular ring must have regular health examinations for the rest of their lives to prevent complications.